Biosphere reserves of India
Biosphere reserves of India
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The Indian government has established 18 biosphere reserves in India,[1] (categories roughly corresponding to IUCN Category V Protected areas), which protect larger areas of natural habitat (than a National Park or Animal Sanctuary), and often include one or more National Parks or preserves, along with buffer zones that are open to some economic uses. Protection is granted not only to the flora and fauna of the protected region, but also to the human communities who inhabit these regions, and their ways of life. Animals are protected and saved here.
Contents
1 World network
2 List of Biosphere reserves in India
3 Potential sites
4 References
5 External links
World network[edit]
11 of the eighteen biosphere reserves are a part of the World Network of Biosphere Reserves, based on the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list.[1][2][3][4]
| Name | States | Year |
|---|---|---|
| Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve | Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka | 2000 |
| Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve | Tamil Nadu | 2001 |
Sundarbans Biosphere Reserve | West Bengal | 2001 |
| Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve | Uttarakhand | 2004 |
| Nokrek Biosphere Reserve | Meghalaya | 2009 |
| Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve | Madhya Pradesh | 2009 |
| Simlipal Biosphere Reserve | Odisha | 2009 |
| Great Nicobar Biosphere Reserve | Great Nicobar | 2013 |
| Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve | Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh | 2012[2] |
| Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve | Kerala and Tamil Nadu | 2016[5] |
| Khangchendzonga National Park | Sikkim | 2018[6] |
List of Biosphere reserves in India[edit]
In 2009, India designated Cold Desert of Himachal Pradesh as a biosphere reserve. On 20 September 2010, the Ministry of Environment and Forests designated Seshachalam Hills as the 17th biosphere reserve. Panna (Madhya Pradesh) was scheduled to become the 18th on 25 August 2011.[1]
| Year | Name | Location | State | Type | Key fauna | Area (km2) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1986 | Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve | Part of Waynad, Nagarhole, Bandipur and Mudumalai, Nilambur, Silent Valley | Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Karnataka | Western Ghats | Nilgiri tahr, lion-tailed macaque | 5520 |
| 2 | 1988 | Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve | Parts of Chamoli District, Pithoragarh District & Bageshwar District | Uttarakhand | Western Himalayas | Snow Leopard, Himalayan Black Bear | 5860 |
| 3 | 1989 | Gulf of Mannar | Indian part of Gulf of Mannar extending from Rameswaram island in the North to Kanyakumari in the South of Tamil Nadu and Sri Lanka | Tamil Nadu | Coasts | Dugong | 10500 |
| 4 | 1988 | Nokrek | In west Garo Hills | Meghalaya | East Himalayas | Red panda | 47.48 |
| 5 | 1989 | Sundarbans | Part of delta of Ganges and Brahmaputra river system | West Bengal | Gangetic Delta | Royal Bengal tiger | 9630 |
| 6 | 1989 | Manas | Part of Kokrajhar, Bongaigaon, Barpeta, Nalbari, Kamrup and Darrang Districts | Assam | East Himalayas | Asiatic Elephant, Tiger, Assam roofed turtle, hispid hare, Golden Langur, pygmy hog | 2837 |
| 7 | 1994 | Simlipal | Part of Mayurbhanj district | Odisha | Deccan Peninsula | Gaur, royal Bengal tiger, Asian elephant | 4374 |
| 8 | 1998 | Dihang-Dibang | Part of Siang and Dibang Valley | Arunachal Pradesh | Eastern Himalaya | Mishmi Takin, Musk Deer | 5112 |
| 9 | 1999 | Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve | Parts of Betul District, Hoshangabad District and Chhindwara District | Madhya Pradesh | Semi-Arid | Giant squirrel, flying squirrel | 4981.72 |
| 10 | 2005 | Achanakmar-Amarkantak Biosphere Reserve | Part of Annupur, Dindori and Bilaspur districts | Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh | Maikala Hills | Four-horned antelope, Indian wild dog, Sarus crane, White-rumped vulture, Philautus (Sacred grove bush frog) | 3835 |
| 11 | 2008 | Great Rann of Kutch | Part of Kutch, Morbi, Surendranagar and Patan Districts. It is the largest Biosphere Reserve in India. | Gujarat | Desert | Indian wild ass | 12454 |
| 12 | 2009 | Cold Desert | Pin Valley National Park and surroundings;Chandratal and Sarchu & Kibber Wildlife Sanctuary | Himachal Pradesh | Western Himalayas | Snow leopard | 7770 |
| 13 | 2000 | Khangchendzonga | Parts of Kangchenjunga | Sikkim | East Himalayas | Snow leopard, red panda | 2620 |
| 14 | 2001 | Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve | Neyyar, Peppara and Shenduruny Wildlife Sanctuary and their adjoining areas | Kerala, Tamil Nadu | Western Ghats | Nilgiri tahr, elephants | 3500.08 |
| 15 | 1989 | Great Nicobar | Southern most islands of Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Andaman and Nicobar Islands | Islands | Saltwater crocodile | 885 |
| 16 | 1997 | Dibru-Saikhowa | Part of Dibrugarh and Tinsukia districts | Assam | East Himalayas | white-winged wood duck, water buffalo, black-breasted parrotbill, tiger, capped langur | 765 |
| 17 | 2010 | Seshachalam Hills | Seshachalam Hill Ranges covering parts of Chittoor and Kadapa districts | Andhra Pradesh | Eastern Ghats | Slender Loris | 4755 |
| 18 | 2011 | Panna | Part of Panna District and Chhatarpur District | Madhya Pradesh | Catchment Area of the Ken River | Tiger, chital, chinkara, sambhar and sloth bear | 2998.98 |
Potential sites[edit]
Following is the list of potential sites for Biosphere Reserves as selected by Ministry of Forests and Environment:[7]
The
Abujmarh, Chhattisgarh
Andaman and Nicobar, North Islands
Chintapalli, Visakhapatnam Andhra Pradesh
Kanha, Madhya Pradesh
Kovalam, Kerala
Lakshadweep Islands, Lakshadweep
Little Rann of Kutch, Gujarat
Phawngpui (Blue Mountain), Mizoram
Namdapha, Arunachal Pradesh- Singhbhum
Tawang and West Kameng, Arunachal Pradesh
Thar Desert, Rajasthan
References[edit]
^ abc [1]
^ ab UNESCO "20 new Biosphere Reserves added to UNESCO’s Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme", 11 July 2012
^ UNESCO, Man and the Biosphere (MAB) Programme list
^ "20 new Biosphere Reserves added"
^ "20 new Biosphere Reserves added", 19 March 2016
^ https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/environment/the-good-earth/kanchenjunga-biosphere-reserve-gets-entry-into-the-unescos-global-list/articleshow/65327646.cms
^ "Status of Bioshpere reserves in India" (PDF). ENVIRO NEWS, Ministry of Environment and Forests, Vol. 14. January–March 2008. p. 9. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 January 2013. Retrieved 1 June 2013..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"""""""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}
External links[edit]
 | Wikimedia Commons has media related to Biosphere reserves of India. |
WiLdlife Institute of India webpage on India's Biosphere Reserves at Archive.today (archived 9 May 2004)
United Nations List of National Parks and Protected Areas: India (1993) at the Library of Congress Web Archives (archived 25 November 2001)- Ministry of Environment and Forests
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Indian cuisine portalCategories:
- Biosphere reserves of India
- National biosphere reserves of India
- Conservation in India
- Protected areas of India
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