Portal:Iran
Portal:Iran
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Introduction
Iran (Persian: ایران Irān [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] (
listen)), also called Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/) and officially known as the Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ایران Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān ), is a country in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th most populous country. Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi), it is the second largest country in the Middle East and the 17th largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, to the west by Iraq, and to the northwest by Turkey. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center.
Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries.
Selected general article
Saffron is a spice derived from the flower of the saffron crocus, a species of crocus in the family Iridaceae. The flower has three stigmas, which are the distal ends of the plant's carpels. Together with its style, the stalk connecting the stigmas to the rest of the plant, these components are often dried and used in cooking as a seasoning and colouring agent. Saffron, which has for decades been the world's most expensive spice by weight, was first cultivated in the vicinity of Greece. Saffron is characterised by a bitter taste and an iodoform- or hay-like fragrance; these are caused by the chemicals picrocrocin and safranal. It also contains a carotenoid dye, crocin, that gives food a rich golden-yellow hue. These qualities make saffron a much sought-after ingredient in many foods worldwide. Saffron also has medicinal applications. The word saffron originated from the 12th century Old French term safran, which derives from the Latin word safranum.
Selected image article
The Saint Thaddeus Monastery, also known as Kara Kilise, is an ancient Armenian monastery located in the mountainous area of Iran's West Azarbaijan Province, about 20 km from the town of Maku. In July 2008, the St. Thaddeus Monastery was added to UNESCO's World Heritage List, along with the St. Stepanos monastery and the chapel of Dzordzor as a part of The Armenian Monastic Ensemble in Iran.
In this month
December 6, 2005 - An Iranian C-130 Hercules airplane crashes into a ten-story building in a civilian area of Tehran, the capital of Iran, killing all 94 people aboard and 34 residents of the building - a total of 128 people.
December 26, 2003 - A massive earthquake devastates southeastern Iran. 26,271 people were killed in the city of Bam.
December 27, 1934 - Persia becomes Iran.
WikiProjects
 | You are invited to participate in WikiProject Iran, a WikiProject dedicated to developing and improving articles about Iran. |
- Parent projects
Asia • Western Asia • Countries
- Main project
- WikiProject Iran
- Sub-projects
Persian cinema • Persian literature • Zoroastrianism
- Related projects
Geography • History • Armenia • Azerbaijan • Caucasia • Central Asia • Iraq • Russia • Georgia • Islam • Kurdistan • Afghanistan • Turkmenistan • Tajikistan • Greece • Turkey
Selected biography
Artaxerxes III of Persia (c. 425 BC – 338 BC) (Persian: اردشير سوم) (Old Persian: 𐎠𐎼𐎫𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎠,transliterated as Artaxšaçā), was the Great King (Shah) of Persia and the eleventh Emperor of the Achaemenid Empire, as well as the first Pharaoh of the 31st dynasty of Egypt. He was the son and successor of Artaxerxes II and was succeeded by his son, Arses of Persia (also known as Artaxerxes IV). His reign coincided with the reign of Philip II in Macedon and Nectanebo II in Egypt. Before ascending the throne Artaxerxes was a satrap and commander of his father's army. Artaxerxes came to power after one of his brothers was executed, another committed suicide, the last murdered and his father, Artaxerxes II died at the age of 86. Soon after becoming king, Artaxerxes murdered all of the royal family to secure his place as emperor. He started two major campaigns against Egypt. The first campaign failed, and was followed up by rebellions throughout the western empire. In 343 BC, Artaxerxes defeated Nectanebo II, the Pharaoh of Egypt, driving him from Egypt, stopping a revolt in Phoenicia on the way. In Artaxerxes' later years, Philip II of Macedon's power was increasing in Greece, where he tried to convince the Greeks to revolt against Achaemenid Persia. His activities were opposed by Artaxerxes, and with his support, the city of Perinthus resisted a Macedonian siege. There is evidence for a renewed building policy at Persepolis in his later life, where Artaxerxes erected a new palace and built his own tomb, and began long-term projects like the Unfinished Gate. According to a Greek source, Diodorus of Sicily, Bagoas poisoned Artaxerxes, but a cuneiform tablet (now in the British Museum) suggests that the king died from natural causes.
In the news
Wikinews Iran portal
July 1: FIFA World Cup 2018 day 12, 13, 14, 15: Iran, Nigeria, Germany, Senegal out of the tournament
June 21: FIFA World Cup 2018 day seven: Portugal, Uruguay, Spain win 1-0
June 16: FIFA World Cup 2018 Day 2: Uruguay, Iran win three points each with late goals; Portugal-Spain share the spoils
February 21: Iran: Wreckage found of plane crashed in mountains; all believed dead
October 21: United States judges block third version of President Trump's travel ban
January 9: Former Irani president Rafsanjani dies, aged 82
December 29: Around 7,100 cheetahs remain, say experts
October 4: Argentina wins maiden FIFA Futsal World Cup
Did you know...
- ...that the Islamic Republic of Iran Railways add about 500 km of new track each year to their network with planned links to Iraq, Pakistan, and Afghanistan?
- ...that during the Shiraz blood libel, the first to start the pogrom of the Jewish quarter were the soldiers sent to protect the Jews against mob violence?
- ...that the Iran-Pakistan barrier is currently being constructed by Iran along its border with Pakistan to stop illegal migration and thwart terror attacks?
- ...that a shrine in Shiraz over the tomb (pictured) of the famed Persian poet Hafez was pulled down in 1899 by protesters, because it was being built by a Zoroastrian?
- ...that Persian miniatures sometimes depict the Prophet Muhammad (example pictured), but usually do not show his face?
Categories
▼ Iran
► Iran-related lists
► Buildings and structures in Iran
► Iranian culture
► Economy of Iran
► Environment of Iran
► Geography of Iran
► History of Iran
► Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving Iran
► Iranian people
► Politics of Iran
► Iranian society
► Works about Iran
► Images of Iran
► Iran stubs
Selected quote
Featured content
Featured articles
300 (film)
1997 Qayen earthquake
2002 Bou'in-Zahra earthquake
2005 Qeshm earthquake
Prince Sadruddin Aga Khan
Alcibiades
Bahá'í Faith
The Battle of Alexander at Issus
Byzantine Empire
Caspian expeditions of the Rus'
Corinthian War
Cyclone Gonu
Iranian Embassy siege
Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
Parthian Empire
Roman–Persian Wars
Tiridates I of Armenia
300 (film)Featured lists
1974 Asian Games medal table
Featured pictures
File:17.17-37-1969-Kaukasisk-broderi.jpg
File:Fortaleza de Bam, Irán, 2016-09-23, DD 09.jpg
File:Naghsh-e rostam, Irán, 2016-09-24, DD 20-24 PAN.jpg
File:17.17-37-1969-Kaukasisk-broderi.jpgTopics
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Category
Portal
WikiProject
CommonsThings you can do
Requested articles: House of Dahae, House of Parni, House of Sohae, Amards civilization, Iranian / Persian Cuisine / Cooking / Food, Anjoman e Payvand, More...
Images and photos needed: Request images that are needed from Wikipedia requested photographs in Iran to included in each articles.
Maps needed: Request maps that are needed from Wikipedia requested maps in Iran to be include in each article.
Stubs: Work on stubs in articles in Iran stubs, Iran geography stubs, Iran transport stubs, Iran university stubs.
Article alerts subpage - Monitor article alerts, for more information see Wikipedia:Article alerts
Cleanup: A cleanup listing for this project is available. See also the list by category, the tool's wiki page and the index of WikiProjects.
Infobox: Add infobox that are needed from Category:Iran articles without infoboxes in articles.- Tag the talk pages of Iran-related articles with the {{WikiProject Iran}} banner.
Rate the Unassessed Iran articles and Unknown-importance Iran articles.
Deletion sorting: Please see the collection of discussions on the deletion of articles related to Iran - compiled by WikiProject Deletion sorting
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Notability: Articles with notability concerns, listed at WikiProject Notability
- Add {{portal|Iran}} to articles in scope
- The Iranian Wikipedians' notice board.
- The Iranian "to do" list.
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