Finding a closed form for $I_n=int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^nleft[x^2-frac{l^2}{n^2}right]dx$
$begingroup$
I'm now dealing with this integral and trying to give a closed form to it:
$$I_n=int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^nleft[x^2-dfrac{l^2}{n^2}right]dx$$
Where the first few values are given:
$$I_1=int_0^1 (x^2-1) dx=-dfrac23$$
$$I_2=int_0^1 left(x^2-dfrac14right)(x^2-1)dx=dfrac1{30}$$
$$I_3=int_0^1 left(x^2-frac19right)left(x^2-frac49right)(x^2-1)dx=-dfrac{136}{8505}$$
I've tried to expand the polynomial, but I could merely give a general expression for the first few and the last few coefficients, and they become complicated very fast. I have searched the Internet; did I miss something that I couldn't find them because I don't know the Theorem's name?
calculus integration
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I'm now dealing with this integral and trying to give a closed form to it:
$$I_n=int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^nleft[x^2-dfrac{l^2}{n^2}right]dx$$
Where the first few values are given:
$$I_1=int_0^1 (x^2-1) dx=-dfrac23$$
$$I_2=int_0^1 left(x^2-dfrac14right)(x^2-1)dx=dfrac1{30}$$
$$I_3=int_0^1 left(x^2-frac19right)left(x^2-frac49right)(x^2-1)dx=-dfrac{136}{8505}$$
I've tried to expand the polynomial, but I could merely give a general expression for the first few and the last few coefficients, and they become complicated very fast. I have searched the Internet; did I miss something that I couldn't find them because I don't know the Theorem's name?
calculus integration
$endgroup$
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I'm now dealing with this integral and trying to give a closed form to it:
$$I_n=int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^nleft[x^2-dfrac{l^2}{n^2}right]dx$$
Where the first few values are given:
$$I_1=int_0^1 (x^2-1) dx=-dfrac23$$
$$I_2=int_0^1 left(x^2-dfrac14right)(x^2-1)dx=dfrac1{30}$$
$$I_3=int_0^1 left(x^2-frac19right)left(x^2-frac49right)(x^2-1)dx=-dfrac{136}{8505}$$
I've tried to expand the polynomial, but I could merely give a general expression for the first few and the last few coefficients, and they become complicated very fast. I have searched the Internet; did I miss something that I couldn't find them because I don't know the Theorem's name?
calculus integration
$endgroup$
I'm now dealing with this integral and trying to give a closed form to it:
$$I_n=int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^nleft[x^2-dfrac{l^2}{n^2}right]dx$$
Where the first few values are given:
$$I_1=int_0^1 (x^2-1) dx=-dfrac23$$
$$I_2=int_0^1 left(x^2-dfrac14right)(x^2-1)dx=dfrac1{30}$$
$$I_3=int_0^1 left(x^2-frac19right)left(x^2-frac49right)(x^2-1)dx=-dfrac{136}{8505}$$
I've tried to expand the polynomial, but I could merely give a general expression for the first few and the last few coefficients, and they become complicated very fast. I have searched the Internet; did I miss something that I couldn't find them because I don't know the Theorem's name?
calculus integration
calculus integration
edited Jan 18 at 15:59
Blue
49.7k870158
49.7k870158
asked Jan 18 at 13:10
kelvin hong 方kelvin hong 方
84419
84419
add a comment |
add a comment |
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n}}int_0^1prod_{l=1}^{n}[(xn)^2-l^2]dxqquad x=frac{y}{n}$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}int_0^nprod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]dy$$
We can expand the product, without knowing the coefficients for now as following;
$$prod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]=sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}y^{2j}t(n,j)$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)int_0^ny^{2j}dy$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)n^{2j+1}}{2j+1}$$
$$I_n=frac{(-1)^n}{n^{2n}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{j}t(n,j)n^{2j}}{2j+1}$$
Now back to the coefficients, ive found it on OEIS A008955
they are called the central factorial numbers. I think this is the closest we can get for a closed form.
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Since this (I assume) can be computed in a finite number of steps, it counts as a closed form $rightarrow $ (+1).
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:45
$begingroup$
Here's a (actually kinda bad) reference for central factorial. mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralFactorial.html Its the best I could find so far
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:47
$begingroup$
Thank you very much, I think the Central Factorial numbers are what I want.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 2:32
add a comment |
$begingroup$
You can relate the product to the rising factorials $x^overline{n} = x(x+1)dotsb (x+n-1) = sum_{k=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\kend{bmatrix} x^k$ where the coefficients are Stirling's numbers of the first kind.
begin{align}
I_n
&= int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^n left(x^2 - frac{l^2}{n^2}right);dx
= int_0^1 prod_{l-1 =k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn - k + 1}{n}cdot prod_{k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn + k + 1}{n};dx\
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 (-xn - 1)^{overline{n}}(xn +1)^{overline{n}};dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} (-xn - 1)^i (xn + 1)^j;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} int_0^1 (xn + 1)^{i+j} ;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n(i+j+1)}\
%
&= sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^{i+n}begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n^{2n+1}(i+j+1)}\
%
end{align}
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
I think the sum is too complicated, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind are also hard to compute. But this does give me a new way to deal with this problem. Thank you.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 12:14
$begingroup$
It was likely obvious to you that, as per the other answer, you can expand the product as an $2n$-degree polynomial. I felt that doing a OEIS coefficient search and presenting that, without even proving the connection, fell short of an answer.
$endgroup$
– adfriedman
Jan 19 at 18:58
$begingroup$
Yes, to evaluate this, we still need computer, I think the simplest form is the sum, can be impossible to represented as a term.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 20 at 4:05
add a comment |
Your Answer
StackExchange.ready(function() {
var channelOptions = {
tags: "".split(" "),
id: "69"
};
initTagRenderer("".split(" "), "".split(" "), channelOptions);
StackExchange.using("externalEditor", function() {
// Have to fire editor after snippets, if snippets enabled
if (StackExchange.settings.snippets.snippetsEnabled) {
StackExchange.using("snippets", function() {
createEditor();
});
}
else {
createEditor();
}
});
function createEditor() {
StackExchange.prepareEditor({
heartbeatType: 'answer',
autoActivateHeartbeat: false,
convertImagesToLinks: true,
noModals: true,
showLowRepImageUploadWarning: true,
reputationToPostImages: 10,
bindNavPrevention: true,
postfix: "",
imageUploader: {
brandingHtml: "Powered by u003ca class="icon-imgur-white" href="https://imgur.com/"u003eu003c/au003e",
contentPolicyHtml: "User contributions licensed under u003ca href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/"u003ecc by-sa 3.0 with attribution requiredu003c/au003e u003ca href="https://stackoverflow.com/legal/content-policy"u003e(content policy)u003c/au003e",
allowUrls: true
},
noCode: true, onDemand: true,
discardSelector: ".discard-answer"
,immediatelyShowMarkdownHelp:true
});
}
});
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3078231%2ffinding-a-closed-form-for-i-n-int-01-prod-l-1n-leftx2-fracl2n2-r%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
2 Answers
2
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
active
oldest
votes
$begingroup$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n}}int_0^1prod_{l=1}^{n}[(xn)^2-l^2]dxqquad x=frac{y}{n}$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}int_0^nprod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]dy$$
We can expand the product, without knowing the coefficients for now as following;
$$prod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]=sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}y^{2j}t(n,j)$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)int_0^ny^{2j}dy$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)n^{2j+1}}{2j+1}$$
$$I_n=frac{(-1)^n}{n^{2n}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{j}t(n,j)n^{2j}}{2j+1}$$
Now back to the coefficients, ive found it on OEIS A008955
they are called the central factorial numbers. I think this is the closest we can get for a closed form.
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Since this (I assume) can be computed in a finite number of steps, it counts as a closed form $rightarrow $ (+1).
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:45
$begingroup$
Here's a (actually kinda bad) reference for central factorial. mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralFactorial.html Its the best I could find so far
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:47
$begingroup$
Thank you very much, I think the Central Factorial numbers are what I want.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 2:32
add a comment |
$begingroup$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n}}int_0^1prod_{l=1}^{n}[(xn)^2-l^2]dxqquad x=frac{y}{n}$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}int_0^nprod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]dy$$
We can expand the product, without knowing the coefficients for now as following;
$$prod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]=sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}y^{2j}t(n,j)$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)int_0^ny^{2j}dy$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)n^{2j+1}}{2j+1}$$
$$I_n=frac{(-1)^n}{n^{2n}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{j}t(n,j)n^{2j}}{2j+1}$$
Now back to the coefficients, ive found it on OEIS A008955
they are called the central factorial numbers. I think this is the closest we can get for a closed form.
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
Since this (I assume) can be computed in a finite number of steps, it counts as a closed form $rightarrow $ (+1).
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:45
$begingroup$
Here's a (actually kinda bad) reference for central factorial. mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralFactorial.html Its the best I could find so far
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:47
$begingroup$
Thank you very much, I think the Central Factorial numbers are what I want.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 2:32
add a comment |
$begingroup$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n}}int_0^1prod_{l=1}^{n}[(xn)^2-l^2]dxqquad x=frac{y}{n}$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}int_0^nprod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]dy$$
We can expand the product, without knowing the coefficients for now as following;
$$prod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]=sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}y^{2j}t(n,j)$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)int_0^ny^{2j}dy$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)n^{2j+1}}{2j+1}$$
$$I_n=frac{(-1)^n}{n^{2n}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{j}t(n,j)n^{2j}}{2j+1}$$
Now back to the coefficients, ive found it on OEIS A008955
they are called the central factorial numbers. I think this is the closest we can get for a closed form.
$endgroup$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n}}int_0^1prod_{l=1}^{n}[(xn)^2-l^2]dxqquad x=frac{y}{n}$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}int_0^nprod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]dy$$
We can expand the product, without knowing the coefficients for now as following;
$$prod_{l=1}^{n}[y^2-l^2]=sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}y^{2j}t(n,j)$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^n(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)int_0^ny^{2j}dy$$
$$I_n=frac{1}{n^{2n+1}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{n-j}t(n,j)n^{2j+1}}{2j+1}$$
$$I_n=frac{(-1)^n}{n^{2n}}sum_{j=0}^nfrac{(-1)^{j}t(n,j)n^{2j}}{2j+1}$$
Now back to the coefficients, ive found it on OEIS A008955
they are called the central factorial numbers. I think this is the closest we can get for a closed form.
edited Jan 18 at 23:33
answered Jan 18 at 17:29
Andrew KovácsAndrew Kovács
1764
1764
$begingroup$
Since this (I assume) can be computed in a finite number of steps, it counts as a closed form $rightarrow $ (+1).
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:45
$begingroup$
Here's a (actually kinda bad) reference for central factorial. mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralFactorial.html Its the best I could find so far
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:47
$begingroup$
Thank you very much, I think the Central Factorial numbers are what I want.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 2:32
add a comment |
$begingroup$
Since this (I assume) can be computed in a finite number of steps, it counts as a closed form $rightarrow $ (+1).
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:45
$begingroup$
Here's a (actually kinda bad) reference for central factorial. mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralFactorial.html Its the best I could find so far
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:47
$begingroup$
Thank you very much, I think the Central Factorial numbers are what I want.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 2:32
$begingroup$
Since this (I assume) can be computed in a finite number of steps, it counts as a closed form $rightarrow $ (+1).
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:45
$begingroup$
Since this (I assume) can be computed in a finite number of steps, it counts as a closed form $rightarrow $ (+1).
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:45
$begingroup$
Here's a (actually kinda bad) reference for central factorial. mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralFactorial.html Its the best I could find so far
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:47
$begingroup$
Here's a (actually kinda bad) reference for central factorial. mathworld.wolfram.com/CentralFactorial.html Its the best I could find so far
$endgroup$
– clathratus
Jan 18 at 18:47
$begingroup$
Thank you very much, I think the Central Factorial numbers are what I want.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 2:32
$begingroup$
Thank you very much, I think the Central Factorial numbers are what I want.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 2:32
add a comment |
$begingroup$
You can relate the product to the rising factorials $x^overline{n} = x(x+1)dotsb (x+n-1) = sum_{k=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\kend{bmatrix} x^k$ where the coefficients are Stirling's numbers of the first kind.
begin{align}
I_n
&= int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^n left(x^2 - frac{l^2}{n^2}right);dx
= int_0^1 prod_{l-1 =k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn - k + 1}{n}cdot prod_{k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn + k + 1}{n};dx\
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 (-xn - 1)^{overline{n}}(xn +1)^{overline{n}};dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} (-xn - 1)^i (xn + 1)^j;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} int_0^1 (xn + 1)^{i+j} ;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n(i+j+1)}\
%
&= sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^{i+n}begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n^{2n+1}(i+j+1)}\
%
end{align}
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
I think the sum is too complicated, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind are also hard to compute. But this does give me a new way to deal with this problem. Thank you.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 12:14
$begingroup$
It was likely obvious to you that, as per the other answer, you can expand the product as an $2n$-degree polynomial. I felt that doing a OEIS coefficient search and presenting that, without even proving the connection, fell short of an answer.
$endgroup$
– adfriedman
Jan 19 at 18:58
$begingroup$
Yes, to evaluate this, we still need computer, I think the simplest form is the sum, can be impossible to represented as a term.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 20 at 4:05
add a comment |
$begingroup$
You can relate the product to the rising factorials $x^overline{n} = x(x+1)dotsb (x+n-1) = sum_{k=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\kend{bmatrix} x^k$ where the coefficients are Stirling's numbers of the first kind.
begin{align}
I_n
&= int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^n left(x^2 - frac{l^2}{n^2}right);dx
= int_0^1 prod_{l-1 =k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn - k + 1}{n}cdot prod_{k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn + k + 1}{n};dx\
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 (-xn - 1)^{overline{n}}(xn +1)^{overline{n}};dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} (-xn - 1)^i (xn + 1)^j;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} int_0^1 (xn + 1)^{i+j} ;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n(i+j+1)}\
%
&= sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^{i+n}begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n^{2n+1}(i+j+1)}\
%
end{align}
$endgroup$
$begingroup$
I think the sum is too complicated, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind are also hard to compute. But this does give me a new way to deal with this problem. Thank you.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 12:14
$begingroup$
It was likely obvious to you that, as per the other answer, you can expand the product as an $2n$-degree polynomial. I felt that doing a OEIS coefficient search and presenting that, without even proving the connection, fell short of an answer.
$endgroup$
– adfriedman
Jan 19 at 18:58
$begingroup$
Yes, to evaluate this, we still need computer, I think the simplest form is the sum, can be impossible to represented as a term.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 20 at 4:05
add a comment |
$begingroup$
You can relate the product to the rising factorials $x^overline{n} = x(x+1)dotsb (x+n-1) = sum_{k=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\kend{bmatrix} x^k$ where the coefficients are Stirling's numbers of the first kind.
begin{align}
I_n
&= int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^n left(x^2 - frac{l^2}{n^2}right);dx
= int_0^1 prod_{l-1 =k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn - k + 1}{n}cdot prod_{k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn + k + 1}{n};dx\
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 (-xn - 1)^{overline{n}}(xn +1)^{overline{n}};dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} (-xn - 1)^i (xn + 1)^j;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} int_0^1 (xn + 1)^{i+j} ;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n(i+j+1)}\
%
&= sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^{i+n}begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n^{2n+1}(i+j+1)}\
%
end{align}
$endgroup$
You can relate the product to the rising factorials $x^overline{n} = x(x+1)dotsb (x+n-1) = sum_{k=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\kend{bmatrix} x^k$ where the coefficients are Stirling's numbers of the first kind.
begin{align}
I_n
&= int_0^1 prod_{l=1}^n left(x^2 - frac{l^2}{n^2}right);dx
= int_0^1 prod_{l-1 =k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn - k + 1}{n}cdot prod_{k=0}^{n-1} frac{xn + k + 1}{n};dx\
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 (-xn - 1)^{overline{n}}(xn +1)^{overline{n}};dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}}int_0^1 sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} (-xn - 1)^i (xn + 1)^j;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} int_0^1 (xn + 1)^{i+j} ;dx\
%
&= frac{(-1)^n }{n^{2n}} sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^i begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n(i+j+1)}\
%
&= sum_{i=0}^nsum_{j=0}^n (-1)^{i+n}begin{bmatrix}n\iend{bmatrix}
begin{bmatrix}n\jend{bmatrix} frac{(n+1)^{i+j+1}-1}{n^{2n+1}(i+j+1)}\
%
end{align}
answered Jan 19 at 8:43
adfriedmanadfriedman
3,145169
3,145169
$begingroup$
I think the sum is too complicated, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind are also hard to compute. But this does give me a new way to deal with this problem. Thank you.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 12:14
$begingroup$
It was likely obvious to you that, as per the other answer, you can expand the product as an $2n$-degree polynomial. I felt that doing a OEIS coefficient search and presenting that, without even proving the connection, fell short of an answer.
$endgroup$
– adfriedman
Jan 19 at 18:58
$begingroup$
Yes, to evaluate this, we still need computer, I think the simplest form is the sum, can be impossible to represented as a term.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 20 at 4:05
add a comment |
$begingroup$
I think the sum is too complicated, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind are also hard to compute. But this does give me a new way to deal with this problem. Thank you.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 12:14
$begingroup$
It was likely obvious to you that, as per the other answer, you can expand the product as an $2n$-degree polynomial. I felt that doing a OEIS coefficient search and presenting that, without even proving the connection, fell short of an answer.
$endgroup$
– adfriedman
Jan 19 at 18:58
$begingroup$
Yes, to evaluate this, we still need computer, I think the simplest form is the sum, can be impossible to represented as a term.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 20 at 4:05
$begingroup$
I think the sum is too complicated, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind are also hard to compute. But this does give me a new way to deal with this problem. Thank you.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 12:14
$begingroup$
I think the sum is too complicated, and the Stirling numbers of the first kind are also hard to compute. But this does give me a new way to deal with this problem. Thank you.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 19 at 12:14
$begingroup$
It was likely obvious to you that, as per the other answer, you can expand the product as an $2n$-degree polynomial. I felt that doing a OEIS coefficient search and presenting that, without even proving the connection, fell short of an answer.
$endgroup$
– adfriedman
Jan 19 at 18:58
$begingroup$
It was likely obvious to you that, as per the other answer, you can expand the product as an $2n$-degree polynomial. I felt that doing a OEIS coefficient search and presenting that, without even proving the connection, fell short of an answer.
$endgroup$
– adfriedman
Jan 19 at 18:58
$begingroup$
Yes, to evaluate this, we still need computer, I think the simplest form is the sum, can be impossible to represented as a term.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 20 at 4:05
$begingroup$
Yes, to evaluate this, we still need computer, I think the simplest form is the sum, can be impossible to represented as a term.
$endgroup$
– kelvin hong 方
Jan 20 at 4:05
add a comment |
Thanks for contributing an answer to Mathematics Stack Exchange!
- Please be sure to answer the question. Provide details and share your research!
But avoid …
- Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers.
- Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience.
Use MathJax to format equations. MathJax reference.
To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers.
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
StackExchange.ready(
function () {
StackExchange.openid.initPostLogin('.new-post-login', 'https%3a%2f%2fmath.stackexchange.com%2fquestions%2f3078231%2ffinding-a-closed-form-for-i-n-int-01-prod-l-1n-leftx2-fracl2n2-r%23new-answer', 'question_page');
}
);
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Sign up or log in
StackExchange.ready(function () {
StackExchange.helpers.onClickDraftSave('#login-link');
});
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Sign up using Google
Sign up using Facebook
Sign up using Email and Password
Post as a guest
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown
Required, but never shown