System of differential equations - linear system, shooting method












1












$begingroup$


I need a little help with solving of this system, please.
begin{align}
y'' &= -(a/b), y'-c ,(z-y/e)\
z' &= -(c/f), (z-y/e),
end{align}

where $a,b,c,f$ are known constants





  • $z(0) = 100$ I.C.


  • $a ,y(5)-b, y'(5) = 0$ B.C.


  • $y'(0) = 0$ I.C.


Firstly, I have to solve it for $e = 100$ as a system of linear diff equations and find value for $z(2)$. Then I have to calculate using shooting method and then use proper Runge-Kutta approximation (using $e = 10*sqrt(y)$, y $=<$ use $y/e = 0$).



Is there anybody who can push me a bit? Or give me a link for similar problem? Thanks.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Please use MathJax to type mathematical equations.
    $endgroup$
    – 高田航
    Jan 12 at 20:32










  • $begingroup$
    Please separate the sub-tasks more clearly. What is the use of $z(2)$? What is the third initial condition in that task? Or is that just some arbitrary test value of the BVP solution to allow your tutor a fast recognition of correct results? The computation of $y/e$ in the second task is unreadable. Did you mean $y/e=sqrt{max(0,y)}/10$?
    $endgroup$
    – LutzL
    Jan 12 at 20:52










  • $begingroup$
    OK, it is all about extraction using countercurrent. $y,z$ represent concentration profiles and then $z(x=0)$ is inlet of feedstock and $z(x=2)$ is inlet of extraction agent. And using $e=100$ I have to find concentration $z(2)$. About the second sub-task, I have to use $e=10*sqrt(y)$ approximation for using RK 4th grade and then again, calculate the value $z(2)$. And this problem should be solved using shooting method, where $y$ is equal or lesser than zero so we should choose $y/e=0$. Is it understandable this time?
    $endgroup$
    – user618980
    Jan 12 at 21:14


















1












$begingroup$


I need a little help with solving of this system, please.
begin{align}
y'' &= -(a/b), y'-c ,(z-y/e)\
z' &= -(c/f), (z-y/e),
end{align}

where $a,b,c,f$ are known constants





  • $z(0) = 100$ I.C.


  • $a ,y(5)-b, y'(5) = 0$ B.C.


  • $y'(0) = 0$ I.C.


Firstly, I have to solve it for $e = 100$ as a system of linear diff equations and find value for $z(2)$. Then I have to calculate using shooting method and then use proper Runge-Kutta approximation (using $e = 10*sqrt(y)$, y $=<$ use $y/e = 0$).



Is there anybody who can push me a bit? Or give me a link for similar problem? Thanks.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$












  • $begingroup$
    Please use MathJax to type mathematical equations.
    $endgroup$
    – 高田航
    Jan 12 at 20:32










  • $begingroup$
    Please separate the sub-tasks more clearly. What is the use of $z(2)$? What is the third initial condition in that task? Or is that just some arbitrary test value of the BVP solution to allow your tutor a fast recognition of correct results? The computation of $y/e$ in the second task is unreadable. Did you mean $y/e=sqrt{max(0,y)}/10$?
    $endgroup$
    – LutzL
    Jan 12 at 20:52










  • $begingroup$
    OK, it is all about extraction using countercurrent. $y,z$ represent concentration profiles and then $z(x=0)$ is inlet of feedstock and $z(x=2)$ is inlet of extraction agent. And using $e=100$ I have to find concentration $z(2)$. About the second sub-task, I have to use $e=10*sqrt(y)$ approximation for using RK 4th grade and then again, calculate the value $z(2)$. And this problem should be solved using shooting method, where $y$ is equal or lesser than zero so we should choose $y/e=0$. Is it understandable this time?
    $endgroup$
    – user618980
    Jan 12 at 21:14
















1












1








1





$begingroup$


I need a little help with solving of this system, please.
begin{align}
y'' &= -(a/b), y'-c ,(z-y/e)\
z' &= -(c/f), (z-y/e),
end{align}

where $a,b,c,f$ are known constants





  • $z(0) = 100$ I.C.


  • $a ,y(5)-b, y'(5) = 0$ B.C.


  • $y'(0) = 0$ I.C.


Firstly, I have to solve it for $e = 100$ as a system of linear diff equations and find value for $z(2)$. Then I have to calculate using shooting method and then use proper Runge-Kutta approximation (using $e = 10*sqrt(y)$, y $=<$ use $y/e = 0$).



Is there anybody who can push me a bit? Or give me a link for similar problem? Thanks.










share|cite|improve this question











$endgroup$




I need a little help with solving of this system, please.
begin{align}
y'' &= -(a/b), y'-c ,(z-y/e)\
z' &= -(c/f), (z-y/e),
end{align}

where $a,b,c,f$ are known constants





  • $z(0) = 100$ I.C.


  • $a ,y(5)-b, y'(5) = 0$ B.C.


  • $y'(0) = 0$ I.C.


Firstly, I have to solve it for $e = 100$ as a system of linear diff equations and find value for $z(2)$. Then I have to calculate using shooting method and then use proper Runge-Kutta approximation (using $e = 10*sqrt(y)$, y $=<$ use $y/e = 0$).



Is there anybody who can push me a bit? Or give me a link for similar problem? Thanks.







ordinary-differential-equations






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share|cite|improve this question













share|cite|improve this question




share|cite|improve this question








edited Jan 12 at 20:52

























asked Jan 12 at 20:27







user618980



















  • $begingroup$
    Please use MathJax to type mathematical equations.
    $endgroup$
    – 高田航
    Jan 12 at 20:32










  • $begingroup$
    Please separate the sub-tasks more clearly. What is the use of $z(2)$? What is the third initial condition in that task? Or is that just some arbitrary test value of the BVP solution to allow your tutor a fast recognition of correct results? The computation of $y/e$ in the second task is unreadable. Did you mean $y/e=sqrt{max(0,y)}/10$?
    $endgroup$
    – LutzL
    Jan 12 at 20:52










  • $begingroup$
    OK, it is all about extraction using countercurrent. $y,z$ represent concentration profiles and then $z(x=0)$ is inlet of feedstock and $z(x=2)$ is inlet of extraction agent. And using $e=100$ I have to find concentration $z(2)$. About the second sub-task, I have to use $e=10*sqrt(y)$ approximation for using RK 4th grade and then again, calculate the value $z(2)$. And this problem should be solved using shooting method, where $y$ is equal or lesser than zero so we should choose $y/e=0$. Is it understandable this time?
    $endgroup$
    – user618980
    Jan 12 at 21:14




















  • $begingroup$
    Please use MathJax to type mathematical equations.
    $endgroup$
    – 高田航
    Jan 12 at 20:32










  • $begingroup$
    Please separate the sub-tasks more clearly. What is the use of $z(2)$? What is the third initial condition in that task? Or is that just some arbitrary test value of the BVP solution to allow your tutor a fast recognition of correct results? The computation of $y/e$ in the second task is unreadable. Did you mean $y/e=sqrt{max(0,y)}/10$?
    $endgroup$
    – LutzL
    Jan 12 at 20:52










  • $begingroup$
    OK, it is all about extraction using countercurrent. $y,z$ represent concentration profiles and then $z(x=0)$ is inlet of feedstock and $z(x=2)$ is inlet of extraction agent. And using $e=100$ I have to find concentration $z(2)$. About the second sub-task, I have to use $e=10*sqrt(y)$ approximation for using RK 4th grade and then again, calculate the value $z(2)$. And this problem should be solved using shooting method, where $y$ is equal or lesser than zero so we should choose $y/e=0$. Is it understandable this time?
    $endgroup$
    – user618980
    Jan 12 at 21:14


















$begingroup$
Please use MathJax to type mathematical equations.
$endgroup$
– 高田航
Jan 12 at 20:32




$begingroup$
Please use MathJax to type mathematical equations.
$endgroup$
– 高田航
Jan 12 at 20:32












$begingroup$
Please separate the sub-tasks more clearly. What is the use of $z(2)$? What is the third initial condition in that task? Or is that just some arbitrary test value of the BVP solution to allow your tutor a fast recognition of correct results? The computation of $y/e$ in the second task is unreadable. Did you mean $y/e=sqrt{max(0,y)}/10$?
$endgroup$
– LutzL
Jan 12 at 20:52




$begingroup$
Please separate the sub-tasks more clearly. What is the use of $z(2)$? What is the third initial condition in that task? Or is that just some arbitrary test value of the BVP solution to allow your tutor a fast recognition of correct results? The computation of $y/e$ in the second task is unreadable. Did you mean $y/e=sqrt{max(0,y)}/10$?
$endgroup$
– LutzL
Jan 12 at 20:52












$begingroup$
OK, it is all about extraction using countercurrent. $y,z$ represent concentration profiles and then $z(x=0)$ is inlet of feedstock and $z(x=2)$ is inlet of extraction agent. And using $e=100$ I have to find concentration $z(2)$. About the second sub-task, I have to use $e=10*sqrt(y)$ approximation for using RK 4th grade and then again, calculate the value $z(2)$. And this problem should be solved using shooting method, where $y$ is equal or lesser than zero so we should choose $y/e=0$. Is it understandable this time?
$endgroup$
– user618980
Jan 12 at 21:14






$begingroup$
OK, it is all about extraction using countercurrent. $y,z$ represent concentration profiles and then $z(x=0)$ is inlet of feedstock and $z(x=2)$ is inlet of extraction agent. And using $e=100$ I have to find concentration $z(2)$. About the second sub-task, I have to use $e=10*sqrt(y)$ approximation for using RK 4th grade and then again, calculate the value $z(2)$. And this problem should be solved using shooting method, where $y$ is equal or lesser than zero so we should choose $y/e=0$. Is it understandable this time?
$endgroup$
– user618980
Jan 12 at 21:14












2 Answers
2






active

oldest

votes


















1












$begingroup$

Define $boldsymbol{y} := (y,y',z)^{top}$ to obtain a linear system of first-order ordinary differential equations for $boldsymbol{y}$:
begin{eqnarray}
boldsymbol{y}' = left( begin{array}{c}
y'\
-frac{a}{b} y' - c left( z - frac{y}{e} right)\
-frac{c}{f} left( z - frac{y}{e} right)
end{array}
right) =: boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}),
end{eqnarray}

with conditions
begin{equation}
z(0) = 100, quad a y(5) - b y'(5) = 0, quad y'(0) = 0.
end{equation}

This is not an initial-value problem for $boldsymbol{y}$ because the second condition is given at $x > 0$.



Introducing the condition $y(0) = alpha$ with some unknown parameter $alpha in mathbb{R}$, we may now solve the initial-value problem
begin{equation}
boldsymbol{y}' = boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}), quad boldsymbol{y}(0) = left( begin{array}{c}
alpha\
0\
100
end{array}
right) =: boldsymbol{y}_0(alpha),
end{equation}

whose solution $boldsymbol{y}(x;alpha) = left(y(x;alpha),y'(x;alpha),z(x;alpha)right)^{top}$ depends on the unknown parameter $alpha$. Now we have to determine the value of $alpha$ such that the nonlinear equation
begin{equation}
F(alpha) := a y(5;alpha) - b y'(5;alpha) = 0
end{equation}

is satisfied. This will require multiple evaluations of $F$, and each evaluation of $F$ requires the solution of an initial-value problem with a different initial value.



Edit: All of this was assuming that $e$ is a constant as well. Of course with $e = 10 sqrt{y}$ we obtain a nonlinear system which seems not easier but more difficult to solve!






share|cite|improve this answer











$endgroup$





















    0












    $begingroup$

    Your boundary conditions on the left side, $t=0$, miss only one entry. Complementarily, on the right side you have one condition to satisfy. Selecting some input value for the missing left condition, you can integrate to obtain a value for the condition on the right side as output. This now is a continuous and, on a medium scale, differentiable scalar function. Now you can apply you preferred root seeking method, for instance the secant method or some bracketing method, to find the root.



    In the first instance, this function will be linear up to the accuracy of the ODE integration, so that the secant method should converge in very few steps. In the second, non-linear case, you should observe the behavior of the root-seeking method on a typical non-linear function.






    share|cite|improve this answer









    $endgroup$













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      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes








      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

      votes






      active

      oldest

      votes









      1












      $begingroup$

      Define $boldsymbol{y} := (y,y',z)^{top}$ to obtain a linear system of first-order ordinary differential equations for $boldsymbol{y}$:
      begin{eqnarray}
      boldsymbol{y}' = left( begin{array}{c}
      y'\
      -frac{a}{b} y' - c left( z - frac{y}{e} right)\
      -frac{c}{f} left( z - frac{y}{e} right)
      end{array}
      right) =: boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}),
      end{eqnarray}

      with conditions
      begin{equation}
      z(0) = 100, quad a y(5) - b y'(5) = 0, quad y'(0) = 0.
      end{equation}

      This is not an initial-value problem for $boldsymbol{y}$ because the second condition is given at $x > 0$.



      Introducing the condition $y(0) = alpha$ with some unknown parameter $alpha in mathbb{R}$, we may now solve the initial-value problem
      begin{equation}
      boldsymbol{y}' = boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}), quad boldsymbol{y}(0) = left( begin{array}{c}
      alpha\
      0\
      100
      end{array}
      right) =: boldsymbol{y}_0(alpha),
      end{equation}

      whose solution $boldsymbol{y}(x;alpha) = left(y(x;alpha),y'(x;alpha),z(x;alpha)right)^{top}$ depends on the unknown parameter $alpha$. Now we have to determine the value of $alpha$ such that the nonlinear equation
      begin{equation}
      F(alpha) := a y(5;alpha) - b y'(5;alpha) = 0
      end{equation}

      is satisfied. This will require multiple evaluations of $F$, and each evaluation of $F$ requires the solution of an initial-value problem with a different initial value.



      Edit: All of this was assuming that $e$ is a constant as well. Of course with $e = 10 sqrt{y}$ we obtain a nonlinear system which seems not easier but more difficult to solve!






      share|cite|improve this answer











      $endgroup$


















        1












        $begingroup$

        Define $boldsymbol{y} := (y,y',z)^{top}$ to obtain a linear system of first-order ordinary differential equations for $boldsymbol{y}$:
        begin{eqnarray}
        boldsymbol{y}' = left( begin{array}{c}
        y'\
        -frac{a}{b} y' - c left( z - frac{y}{e} right)\
        -frac{c}{f} left( z - frac{y}{e} right)
        end{array}
        right) =: boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}),
        end{eqnarray}

        with conditions
        begin{equation}
        z(0) = 100, quad a y(5) - b y'(5) = 0, quad y'(0) = 0.
        end{equation}

        This is not an initial-value problem for $boldsymbol{y}$ because the second condition is given at $x > 0$.



        Introducing the condition $y(0) = alpha$ with some unknown parameter $alpha in mathbb{R}$, we may now solve the initial-value problem
        begin{equation}
        boldsymbol{y}' = boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}), quad boldsymbol{y}(0) = left( begin{array}{c}
        alpha\
        0\
        100
        end{array}
        right) =: boldsymbol{y}_0(alpha),
        end{equation}

        whose solution $boldsymbol{y}(x;alpha) = left(y(x;alpha),y'(x;alpha),z(x;alpha)right)^{top}$ depends on the unknown parameter $alpha$. Now we have to determine the value of $alpha$ such that the nonlinear equation
        begin{equation}
        F(alpha) := a y(5;alpha) - b y'(5;alpha) = 0
        end{equation}

        is satisfied. This will require multiple evaluations of $F$, and each evaluation of $F$ requires the solution of an initial-value problem with a different initial value.



        Edit: All of this was assuming that $e$ is a constant as well. Of course with $e = 10 sqrt{y}$ we obtain a nonlinear system which seems not easier but more difficult to solve!






        share|cite|improve this answer











        $endgroup$
















          1












          1








          1





          $begingroup$

          Define $boldsymbol{y} := (y,y',z)^{top}$ to obtain a linear system of first-order ordinary differential equations for $boldsymbol{y}$:
          begin{eqnarray}
          boldsymbol{y}' = left( begin{array}{c}
          y'\
          -frac{a}{b} y' - c left( z - frac{y}{e} right)\
          -frac{c}{f} left( z - frac{y}{e} right)
          end{array}
          right) =: boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}),
          end{eqnarray}

          with conditions
          begin{equation}
          z(0) = 100, quad a y(5) - b y'(5) = 0, quad y'(0) = 0.
          end{equation}

          This is not an initial-value problem for $boldsymbol{y}$ because the second condition is given at $x > 0$.



          Introducing the condition $y(0) = alpha$ with some unknown parameter $alpha in mathbb{R}$, we may now solve the initial-value problem
          begin{equation}
          boldsymbol{y}' = boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}), quad boldsymbol{y}(0) = left( begin{array}{c}
          alpha\
          0\
          100
          end{array}
          right) =: boldsymbol{y}_0(alpha),
          end{equation}

          whose solution $boldsymbol{y}(x;alpha) = left(y(x;alpha),y'(x;alpha),z(x;alpha)right)^{top}$ depends on the unknown parameter $alpha$. Now we have to determine the value of $alpha$ such that the nonlinear equation
          begin{equation}
          F(alpha) := a y(5;alpha) - b y'(5;alpha) = 0
          end{equation}

          is satisfied. This will require multiple evaluations of $F$, and each evaluation of $F$ requires the solution of an initial-value problem with a different initial value.



          Edit: All of this was assuming that $e$ is a constant as well. Of course with $e = 10 sqrt{y}$ we obtain a nonlinear system which seems not easier but more difficult to solve!






          share|cite|improve this answer











          $endgroup$



          Define $boldsymbol{y} := (y,y',z)^{top}$ to obtain a linear system of first-order ordinary differential equations for $boldsymbol{y}$:
          begin{eqnarray}
          boldsymbol{y}' = left( begin{array}{c}
          y'\
          -frac{a}{b} y' - c left( z - frac{y}{e} right)\
          -frac{c}{f} left( z - frac{y}{e} right)
          end{array}
          right) =: boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}),
          end{eqnarray}

          with conditions
          begin{equation}
          z(0) = 100, quad a y(5) - b y'(5) = 0, quad y'(0) = 0.
          end{equation}

          This is not an initial-value problem for $boldsymbol{y}$ because the second condition is given at $x > 0$.



          Introducing the condition $y(0) = alpha$ with some unknown parameter $alpha in mathbb{R}$, we may now solve the initial-value problem
          begin{equation}
          boldsymbol{y}' = boldsymbol{f}(x,boldsymbol{y}), quad boldsymbol{y}(0) = left( begin{array}{c}
          alpha\
          0\
          100
          end{array}
          right) =: boldsymbol{y}_0(alpha),
          end{equation}

          whose solution $boldsymbol{y}(x;alpha) = left(y(x;alpha),y'(x;alpha),z(x;alpha)right)^{top}$ depends on the unknown parameter $alpha$. Now we have to determine the value of $alpha$ such that the nonlinear equation
          begin{equation}
          F(alpha) := a y(5;alpha) - b y'(5;alpha) = 0
          end{equation}

          is satisfied. This will require multiple evaluations of $F$, and each evaluation of $F$ requires the solution of an initial-value problem with a different initial value.



          Edit: All of this was assuming that $e$ is a constant as well. Of course with $e = 10 sqrt{y}$ we obtain a nonlinear system which seems not easier but more difficult to solve!







          share|cite|improve this answer














          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer








          edited Jan 13 at 7:23

























          answered Jan 12 at 22:22









          ChristophChristoph

          59616




          59616























              0












              $begingroup$

              Your boundary conditions on the left side, $t=0$, miss only one entry. Complementarily, on the right side you have one condition to satisfy. Selecting some input value for the missing left condition, you can integrate to obtain a value for the condition on the right side as output. This now is a continuous and, on a medium scale, differentiable scalar function. Now you can apply you preferred root seeking method, for instance the secant method or some bracketing method, to find the root.



              In the first instance, this function will be linear up to the accuracy of the ODE integration, so that the secant method should converge in very few steps. In the second, non-linear case, you should observe the behavior of the root-seeking method on a typical non-linear function.






              share|cite|improve this answer









              $endgroup$


















                0












                $begingroup$

                Your boundary conditions on the left side, $t=0$, miss only one entry. Complementarily, on the right side you have one condition to satisfy. Selecting some input value for the missing left condition, you can integrate to obtain a value for the condition on the right side as output. This now is a continuous and, on a medium scale, differentiable scalar function. Now you can apply you preferred root seeking method, for instance the secant method or some bracketing method, to find the root.



                In the first instance, this function will be linear up to the accuracy of the ODE integration, so that the secant method should converge in very few steps. In the second, non-linear case, you should observe the behavior of the root-seeking method on a typical non-linear function.






                share|cite|improve this answer









                $endgroup$
















                  0












                  0








                  0





                  $begingroup$

                  Your boundary conditions on the left side, $t=0$, miss only one entry. Complementarily, on the right side you have one condition to satisfy. Selecting some input value for the missing left condition, you can integrate to obtain a value for the condition on the right side as output. This now is a continuous and, on a medium scale, differentiable scalar function. Now you can apply you preferred root seeking method, for instance the secant method or some bracketing method, to find the root.



                  In the first instance, this function will be linear up to the accuracy of the ODE integration, so that the secant method should converge in very few steps. In the second, non-linear case, you should observe the behavior of the root-seeking method on a typical non-linear function.






                  share|cite|improve this answer









                  $endgroup$



                  Your boundary conditions on the left side, $t=0$, miss only one entry. Complementarily, on the right side you have one condition to satisfy. Selecting some input value for the missing left condition, you can integrate to obtain a value for the condition on the right side as output. This now is a continuous and, on a medium scale, differentiable scalar function. Now you can apply you preferred root seeking method, for instance the secant method or some bracketing method, to find the root.



                  In the first instance, this function will be linear up to the accuracy of the ODE integration, so that the secant method should converge in very few steps. In the second, non-linear case, you should observe the behavior of the root-seeking method on a typical non-linear function.







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered Jan 12 at 21:07









                  LutzLLutzL

                  59.6k42057




                  59.6k42057






























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