前舌母音





母音
前舌
前舌め
中舌
後舌め
後舌

狭

Blank vowel trapezoid.svg



i • y


ɨ • ʉ


ɯ • u


ɪ • ʏ


ɪ̈ • ʊ̈


ɯ̽ • ʊ


e • ø


ɘ • ɵ


ɤ • o


e̞ • ø̞


ə • ɵ̞


ɤ̞ • o̞


ɛ • œ


ɜ • ɞ


ʌ • ɔ


æ • 


ɐ • ɞ̞


a • ɶ


ä


ɑ • ɒ

広めの狭

半狭

中央

半広

狭めの広

広

記号が二つ並んでいるものは、左が非円唇、右が円唇。



国際音声記号 - 子音


前舌母音（まえじたぼいん、ぜんぜつぼいん）とは、舌の最も高く盛り上がった位置が最も前で調音される母音。あるいはその位置に近いものも含む。軟母音と呼ばれることもある。


国際音声字母では、舌の最高部が最も前で最も硬口蓋に近い母音を [i] と定め、そこからそのままあごを開いていきもっとも開いた状態である [a] に至るまでを聴覚印象によって3等分し、[i] [e] [ɛ] [a] という基本母音を定めている。その4つの母音を第1次基本母音といい、それに対する円唇母音の4つを第2次基本母音という。そのほか国際音声字母では [a] と [ɛ] の中間にも [æ] という字母が設けられている。また全くの前舌ではないが前舌よりの広めの狭母音にも円唇と非円唇の2つの字母が設けられている。



国際音声字母




  • 非円唇母音


    • [i] - 非円唇前舌狭母音


    • [ɪ] - 非円唇前舌め広めの狭母音


    • [e] - 非円唇前舌半狭母音


    • [e̞] - 非円唇前舌中央母音


    • [ɛ] - 非円唇前舌半広母音


    • [æ] - 非円唇前舌狭めの広母音


    • [a] - 非円唇前舌広母音




  • 円唇母音


    • [y] - 円唇前舌狭母音


    • [ʏ] - 円唇前舌め広めの狭母音


    • [ø] - 円唇前舌半狭母音


    • [ø̞] - 円唇前舌中央母音


    • [œ] - 円唇前舌半広母音


    • [ɶ] - 円唇前舌広母音





関連項目



  • 中舌母音

  • 後舌母音




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