What is the scalar derivative?












1














I quote paragraph 2.5 of The Matrix Cookbook document: Assume $F(X)$ to be a differentiable function of each of the elements of $X$... $f(cdot)$ is the scalar derivative of $F(cdot)$. $X$ is here a matrix.



What is the scalar derivative? It is not defined in this document and I have issues to find a definition using Mister Google.



But the way, I'm puzzled by formula (100) of that document:
$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA) = A^T$$



$X mapsto {Tr}(XA)$ is a linear form defined on the matrices vector space and therefore it's derivative is itself everywhere



$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA).H = mathsf{Tr}(HA)$$



What is the link with $A^T$?










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  • Mister Wikipedia provides some help.
    – Paul Sinclair
    Jan 10 at 0:33
















1














I quote paragraph 2.5 of The Matrix Cookbook document: Assume $F(X)$ to be a differentiable function of each of the elements of $X$... $f(cdot)$ is the scalar derivative of $F(cdot)$. $X$ is here a matrix.



What is the scalar derivative? It is not defined in this document and I have issues to find a definition using Mister Google.



But the way, I'm puzzled by formula (100) of that document:
$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA) = A^T$$



$X mapsto {Tr}(XA)$ is a linear form defined on the matrices vector space and therefore it's derivative is itself everywhere



$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA).H = mathsf{Tr}(HA)$$



What is the link with $A^T$?










share|cite|improve this question






















  • Mister Wikipedia provides some help.
    – Paul Sinclair
    Jan 10 at 0:33














1












1








1







I quote paragraph 2.5 of The Matrix Cookbook document: Assume $F(X)$ to be a differentiable function of each of the elements of $X$... $f(cdot)$ is the scalar derivative of $F(cdot)$. $X$ is here a matrix.



What is the scalar derivative? It is not defined in this document and I have issues to find a definition using Mister Google.



But the way, I'm puzzled by formula (100) of that document:
$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA) = A^T$$



$X mapsto {Tr}(XA)$ is a linear form defined on the matrices vector space and therefore it's derivative is itself everywhere



$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA).H = mathsf{Tr}(HA)$$



What is the link with $A^T$?










share|cite|improve this question













I quote paragraph 2.5 of The Matrix Cookbook document: Assume $F(X)$ to be a differentiable function of each of the elements of $X$... $f(cdot)$ is the scalar derivative of $F(cdot)$. $X$ is here a matrix.



What is the scalar derivative? It is not defined in this document and I have issues to find a definition using Mister Google.



But the way, I'm puzzled by formula (100) of that document:
$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA) = A^T$$



$X mapsto {Tr}(XA)$ is a linear form defined on the matrices vector space and therefore it's derivative is itself everywhere



$$frac{partial}{partial X} mathsf{Tr}(XA).H = mathsf{Tr}(HA)$$



What is the link with $A^T$?







matrices derivatives






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asked Jan 9 at 18:35









mathcounterexamples.net

24.3k21753




24.3k21753












  • Mister Wikipedia provides some help.
    – Paul Sinclair
    Jan 10 at 0:33


















  • Mister Wikipedia provides some help.
    – Paul Sinclair
    Jan 10 at 0:33
















Mister Wikipedia provides some help.
– Paul Sinclair
Jan 10 at 0:33




Mister Wikipedia provides some help.
– Paul Sinclair
Jan 10 at 0:33










2 Answers
2






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oldest

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0














For applied matrix calculus in deep learning the term 'scalar derivative' is used to explicitly confirm that the output of the partial derivative of the function with respect to a variable is a scalar and not a vector.



@mathcounterexamples.net See:




  • http://cs231n.stanford.edu/vecDerivs.pdf

  • https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.01528.pdf






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New contributor




Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
Check out our Code of Conduct.


























    0














    The simplest explanation is that the word $scalar$ is a typo.



    The formula itself seem correct. For instance, let
    $$eqalign{
    F(x) &= sin(x) cr
    f(x) &= frac{dF}{dx} = cos(x) cr
    }$$
    Then, for a matrix argument $A$, one has the result
    $$eqalign{
    frac{partial,{rm Tr}(sin(A))}{partial A} &= cos(A)^T cr
    }$$
    ...or $cos(A)$ depending on which layout convention you prefer.






    share|cite|improve this answer





















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      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes








      2 Answers
      2






      active

      oldest

      votes









      active

      oldest

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      active

      oldest

      votes









      0














      For applied matrix calculus in deep learning the term 'scalar derivative' is used to explicitly confirm that the output of the partial derivative of the function with respect to a variable is a scalar and not a vector.



      @mathcounterexamples.net See:




      • http://cs231n.stanford.edu/vecDerivs.pdf

      • https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.01528.pdf






      share|cite|improve this answer








      New contributor




      Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
      Check out our Code of Conduct.























        0














        For applied matrix calculus in deep learning the term 'scalar derivative' is used to explicitly confirm that the output of the partial derivative of the function with respect to a variable is a scalar and not a vector.



        @mathcounterexamples.net See:




        • http://cs231n.stanford.edu/vecDerivs.pdf

        • https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.01528.pdf






        share|cite|improve this answer








        New contributor




        Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
        Check out our Code of Conduct.





















          0












          0








          0






          For applied matrix calculus in deep learning the term 'scalar derivative' is used to explicitly confirm that the output of the partial derivative of the function with respect to a variable is a scalar and not a vector.



          @mathcounterexamples.net See:




          • http://cs231n.stanford.edu/vecDerivs.pdf

          • https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.01528.pdf






          share|cite|improve this answer








          New contributor




          Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
          Check out our Code of Conduct.









          For applied matrix calculus in deep learning the term 'scalar derivative' is used to explicitly confirm that the output of the partial derivative of the function with respect to a variable is a scalar and not a vector.



          @mathcounterexamples.net See:




          • http://cs231n.stanford.edu/vecDerivs.pdf

          • https://arxiv.org/pdf/1802.01528.pdf







          share|cite|improve this answer








          New contributor




          Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
          Check out our Code of Conduct.









          share|cite|improve this answer



          share|cite|improve this answer






          New contributor




          Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
          Check out our Code of Conduct.









          answered Dec 26 at 14:30









          Matthew Arthur

          161




          161




          New contributor




          Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
          Check out our Code of Conduct.





          New contributor





          Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
          Check out our Code of Conduct.






          Matthew Arthur is a new contributor to this site. Take care in asking for clarification, commenting, and answering.
          Check out our Code of Conduct.























              0














              The simplest explanation is that the word $scalar$ is a typo.



              The formula itself seem correct. For instance, let
              $$eqalign{
              F(x) &= sin(x) cr
              f(x) &= frac{dF}{dx} = cos(x) cr
              }$$
              Then, for a matrix argument $A$, one has the result
              $$eqalign{
              frac{partial,{rm Tr}(sin(A))}{partial A} &= cos(A)^T cr
              }$$
              ...or $cos(A)$ depending on which layout convention you prefer.






              share|cite|improve this answer


























                0














                The simplest explanation is that the word $scalar$ is a typo.



                The formula itself seem correct. For instance, let
                $$eqalign{
                F(x) &= sin(x) cr
                f(x) &= frac{dF}{dx} = cos(x) cr
                }$$
                Then, for a matrix argument $A$, one has the result
                $$eqalign{
                frac{partial,{rm Tr}(sin(A))}{partial A} &= cos(A)^T cr
                }$$
                ...or $cos(A)$ depending on which layout convention you prefer.






                share|cite|improve this answer
























                  0












                  0








                  0






                  The simplest explanation is that the word $scalar$ is a typo.



                  The formula itself seem correct. For instance, let
                  $$eqalign{
                  F(x) &= sin(x) cr
                  f(x) &= frac{dF}{dx} = cos(x) cr
                  }$$
                  Then, for a matrix argument $A$, one has the result
                  $$eqalign{
                  frac{partial,{rm Tr}(sin(A))}{partial A} &= cos(A)^T cr
                  }$$
                  ...or $cos(A)$ depending on which layout convention you prefer.






                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  The simplest explanation is that the word $scalar$ is a typo.



                  The formula itself seem correct. For instance, let
                  $$eqalign{
                  F(x) &= sin(x) cr
                  f(x) &= frac{dF}{dx} = cos(x) cr
                  }$$
                  Then, for a matrix argument $A$, one has the result
                  $$eqalign{
                  frac{partial,{rm Tr}(sin(A))}{partial A} &= cos(A)^T cr
                  }$$
                  ...or $cos(A)$ depending on which layout convention you prefer.







                  share|cite|improve this answer












                  share|cite|improve this answer



                  share|cite|improve this answer










                  answered Jan 10 at 3:20









                  greg

                  7,5251821




                  7,5251821






























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